Rivers in the country are polluted mainly due to discharge of untreated and partially treated sewage from cities/towns and industrial effluents.According to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), there are 2836 Grossly Polluting Industries (GPIs) in the country which are discharging their effluents in various water bodies. Out of total 2836 industries, 2180 industries are operational and 656 industries are self-closed. The number of complying and non-complying units are 2053 and 127 respectively. Action taken against the non-complying units includes issue of show-cause notices to 52 units, issue of closure directions to 56 units and filing of legal cases against 2 units. State/Union Territory (UT) wise status of GPI units in the country is attached as Annexure. As per the Provisions of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution), Act 1974, industrial units are required to install effluent treatment plants (ETPs) and treat their effluents to comply with stipulated environmental standards before discharging into river and water bodies. Accordingly, CPCB, State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) and Pollution Control Committees (PCCs) monitor industries with respect to effluent discharge standards and take action for non-compliance under provisions of these Acts. Steps taken by the Government to stop discharge of industrial effluents into rivers, inter-alia include issuance of notification of specific discharge standards, revision of the criteria for categorization of industries and issuing directions to all SPCBs/PCCs to adopt the same, issuance of consent to establish/consent to operate by the SPCBs/PCCs, regular and surprise inspections of GPIs for compliance verification against stipulated environmental norms, installation of Online Continuous Effluent Monitoring System (OCEMS) for assessment of effluent quality and compliance status. In addition, the industries are encouraged to reduce their waste water generation by technological advancement, reuse/recycle of wastewater and maintain Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) where ever possible.
Besides, in compliance of the orders of National Green Tribunal (NGT) in Original Application No.673/2018 regarding rejuvenation of polluted river stretches in the country, States/UTs are required to implement approved action plans for restoration of the polluted stretches in their jurisdiction as identified by CPCB and published in their report of 2018, within the stipulated timelines. As per the orders of NGT, regular review on implementation of action plans is undertaken in the States/UTs and also at Central level.
This Information was given by the Minister of State for Jal Shakti, ShriBishweswarTuduin a written reply in LokSabha today.
Annexure
State/Union Territory (UT) status of Grossly Polluting Industries (GPI) units in the country
| State/UT | Total no. of industries | No. of industries closed by their own | No. of industries operational | No. of industries complying with Environmental standards | No. of industries non-complying with Environmental standards | No. of industries against which action is taken for non-complying with environmental standards | |||
| Show cause notice issued | Closure directions issued | Legal cases filed | Action under process | ||||||
| Andaman & Nicobar | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Andhra Pradesh | 66 | 11 | 55 | 50 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 97 | 8 | 89 | 63 | 26 | 3 | 23 | 0 | 0 |
| Assam | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Bihar | 84 | 34 | 50 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Chandigarh | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Chhattisgarh | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Daman & Diu and Dadra & Nagar Haveli | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Delhi | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Goa | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Gujarat | 22 | 4 | 18 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Haryana | 627 | 27 | 600 | 594 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 |
| Himachal Pradesh | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jammu & Kashmir | 69 | 0 | 69 | 66 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jharkhand | 45 | 6 | 39 | 5 | 34 | 14 | 10 | 2 | 8 |
| Karnataka | 4 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Kerala | 29 | 1 | 28 | 27 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Lakshadweep | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Madhya Pradesh | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Maharashtra | 4 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Manipur | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Meghalaya | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mizoram | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Nagaland | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Odisha | 6 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Puducherry | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Punjab | 5 | 0 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Rajasthan | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sikkim | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Tamil Nadu | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Telangana | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Tripura | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Uttar Pradesh | 1648 | 560 | 1088 | 1047 | 41 | 22 | 13 | 0 | 6 |
| Uttarakhand | 64 | 0 | 64 | 60 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| West Bengal | 48 | 3 | 45 | 41 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 2836 | 656 | 2180 | 2053 | 127 | 52 | 56 | 2 | 17 |
